Article

Cover

Title

Hydrodynamic thermionic converters power plants of spacecrafts with the superlongterm lifecicle

Authors

A.V. Kolychev, V.A. Kernozhitskiy

Organization

Baltic State Technical University «VOENMEH» named after D. F. Ustinov
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

Abstract

The device of the hydrodynamic thermionic converter of heat energy in electric is described. The hydrodynamic thermionic converter device is that in the nuclear core of it the current of flows of easy ionized plasma with high speeds will be organized (0.5-7 km/s and above). It allows to have effective areas of the cathode and hydrodynamic thermionic converter anode at distances much more than sizes, characteristic of classical thermionic converter, in 0.3-0.5 mm. Thus reliability of hydrodynamic thermionic converter due to lack of need of maintenance of the small gap and minimizing of negative effects of change of the form of the active surface of the cathode increases. Existence the easy ionized plasma causes electron transfer at the expense of the movement easy ionized plasma that leads to elimination of a space charge over the surface of issue that also allows to support rather big gap (to 5 cm and above) between the cathode and the anode at the same and best heatelectrophysical characteristics of transformation in comparison with classical thermoelectric converter. At the same time functioning of hydrodynamic thermionic converter does not depend on a form of electrodes which can change during all term of existence and there is no requirement in the distantsiatorakh. It leads to essential increase in reliability and longevity of system of transformation at application of any source of thermal energy, providing a resource in 15-20 and more years of the continuous operation. At the movement easy ionized plasma over the surface of the cathode there is a demolition of a space charge in the direction of the movement easy ionized plasma that reduces losses of tension between the cathode and the anode and causes body height of efficiency of transformation. According to preliminary estimates the cooperative efficiency of transformation can make the size of 30-35%. The contribution to this value is made by transfer of a kinetic energy of the movement easy ionized plasma to emission electrons.

Keywords

thermionic emission, hydrodynamic thermionic converter, high-speed flows of easy ionized plasma

References

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For citing this article

Kolychev A.V., Kernozhitskiy V.A. Hydrodynamic thermionic converters power plants of spacecrafts with the superlongterm lifecicle // The Research of the Science City, 2017, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 126-129. doi: 10.26732/2225-9449-2017-3-126-129

This Article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).